달빛영어

요약: 

이 글에서는 사람들이 사회적 증거를 사용하여 무엇이 안전하거나 위험한지, 누가 신뢰할 수 있는지 판단하는 방법과 그룹을 팔로우하는 것이 얼마나 유익한지에 대해 설명합니다.
(The text discusses how people use social evidence to determine what's safe or risky and who's trustworthy, and how following the group is often beneficial.)

주제: 

의사 결정에서의 사회적 증거

(Social evidence in decision-making)

요지:

사람들은 종종 사회적 증거와 주변 환경의 단서에 의존하여 무엇이 안전하거나 위험한지, 누가 신뢰할 수 있는지를 결정합니다.

(People often rely on social evidence and cues from their environment to decide what is safe or risky and who is trustworthy.)

핵심어휘:

(1) Risky: 위험한 (Deciding what's risky and what's safe)

(2) Trustworthy: 믿을 수 있는 (Determining who's trustworthy and who's not)

(3) Social evidence: 사회적 증거 (Looking for social evidence to make decisions)

(4) Evolutionary view: 진화적 관점 (Following the group for survival)

(5) Influence: 영향력 (Book by psychologist Robert Cialdini)

(6) Product reviews: 제품 리뷰 (Modern example of social evidence)

(7) Subtle cues: 미묘한 신호 (Cues within the environment signaling trustworthiness)

(8) Local restaurant: 현지 식당 (An example of using social evidence)

(9) Line: 줄 (A cue that the food is good and the seats are in demand)

(10) Hassle: 성가신 일 (A negative aspect of waiting in line)

내용 이해

(1) What do people look for when deciding what is safe or risky and who is trustworthy? 

(사람들이 안전한지 위험한지 누가 신뢰할 수 있는지 결정할 때 어떤 것을 찾고 있나요?)

(2) Why is following the group usually positive from an evolutionary perspective? 

(진화적 관점에서 그룹을 따르는 것이 대체로 긍정적인 이유는 무엇인가요?)

(3) What does psychologist Robert Cialdini explain about group behavior? 

(심리학자 로버트 치알디니는 그룹 행동에 대해 어떤 것을 설명하고 있나요?)

(4) How do product reviews serve as social evidence in today's world? 

(제품 리뷰가 오늘날 세상에서 어떻게 사회적 증거 역할을 하는가요?)

(5) How can a line outside a restaurant be a powerful cue for the quality of the food and the demand for seats? 

(레스토랑 바깥에 줄이 음식의 질과 좌석 수요에 대한 강력한 신호가 될 수 있는 이유는 무엇인가요?)

* Suggested Answers

(1) People look for social evidence when deciding what is safe or risky and who is trustworthy. 

(사람들은 안전한지 위험한지 누가 신뢰할 수 있는지 결정할 때 사회적 증거를 찾습니다.)
(Explanation) The text states that people use social evidence to make these decisions.

(2) Following the group is usually positive from an evolutionary perspective because it improves our chances of survival. 

(진화적 관점에서 그룹을 따르는 것이 대체로 긍정적인 이유는 생존 확률을 높이기 때

(2) Following the group is usually positive from an evolutionary perspective because it improves our chances of survival. 

(진화적 관점에서 그룹을 따르는 것이 대체로 긍정적인 이유는 생존 확률을 높이기 때문입니다.)
(Explanation) The text explains that from an evolutionary view, following the group is almost always positive for our prospects of survival.

(3) Psychologist Robert Cialdini explains that people tend to think that if everyone is doing something, it must be a sensible thing to do. 

(심리학자 로버트 치알디니는 사람들이 모두가 무언가를 하고 있다면 그것이 합리적인 일이라고 생각한다고 설명합니다.)
(Explanation) The text quotes Cialdini as explaining this reasoning behind group behavior.

(4) Product reviews serve as social evidence in today's world by allowing people to see the experiences and opinions of others, which can influence their decisions. 

(제품 리뷰는 사람들이 다른 사람들의 경험과 의견을 볼 수 있게 해서 그들의 결정에 영향을 미치는 방식으로 오늘날 세상에서 사회적 증거 역할을 합니다.)
(Explanation) The text states that product reviews are an example of social evidence in the modern world.

(5) A line outside a restaurant can be a powerful cue for the quality of the food and the demand for seats because it shows that many people are willing to wait for a chance to eat there, indicating that the food is likely good and the seats are in demand. 

(레스토랑 바깥에 줄이 음식의 질과 좌석 수요에 대한 강력한 신호가 될 수 있는 이유는 많은 사람들이 거기서 먹을 기회를 기다리는 데 동의하기 때문이며, 이는 음식이 좋을 가능성이 높고 좌석이 수요가 있다는 것을 나타냅니다.)
(Explanation) The text mentions that a line outside a restaurant is a powerful cue that the food is tasty and the seats are in demand.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cFdCzN7RYbw 

1. Watch This Video

2. Questions and Answers

1. What is the principle of Reciprocity?
People feel obliged to return favors or gifts.
Being the first to give something personalized and unexpected increases persuasion.

2. How does the principle of Scarcity influence people's decisions?
People want more of what is limited or scarce.
Point out the unique aspects and potential losses in your proposal.

3. What makes someone more likely to follow the principle of Authority?
Credibility and expertise make people trust and follow others.
Show your credentials or have someone introduce your expertise.

4. How can the principle of Consistency be used to persuade others?
People want to be consistent with past choices.
Ask for small initial commitments and gradually build on them.

5. What are the factors that make people like others according to the principle of Liking?
Similarity, compliments, and cooperation.
Look for shared traits and give genuine compliments before starting a negotiation.

6. How does the principle of Consensus work in persuasion?
People follow the actions of others, especially when uncertain.
Show examples of others' behavior, especially those who are similar.

7. How can the principle of Consensus be applied to encourage towel reuse in hotels?
Mention that 75% of guests reuse their towels.
This small change in wording leads to a 33% increase in towel reuse.