달빛영어

요약: 

평판은 즉각적인 대가를 기대하지 않고 다른 사람을 도울 때 우리의 행동에 영향을 미치며, 우리의 행동이 향후 받는 도움에 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 것을 알고 있습니다.
(Reputation influences our actions as we help others without expecting immediate returns, knowing our actions can impact future help received.)

주제: 

평판의 힘과 그것이 우리의 행동에 미치는 영향

(The power of reputation and its effect on our actions)

요지: 

평판은 우리의 행동이 미래의 도움을 결정할 수 있고 다른 사람들에게 관찰될 가능성에 의해 형성되기 때문에 즉각적인 보상을 기대하지 않고도 다른 사람을 돕도록 장려합니다.

(Reputation encourages us to help others without expecting immediate returns, as our actions can determine future assistance and are shaped by the possibility of being observed by others.)

핵심 어휘

(1) Reputation: 명성 (The power of reputation)

(2) Help: 도움 (We help others without expecting an immediate return)

(3) Charitable: 자선심 많은 (You are a good, charitable guy)

(4) Chance: 기회 (Boost your chance of being helped)

(5) Indirect reciprocity: 간접 상호 작용 (Indirect reciprocity now means something like)

(6) Example: 본보기 (My good example will encourage others)

(7) Behavior: 행동 (Our behavior is endlessly shaped)

(8) Observing: 관찰 (Somebody else might be watching us)

(9) Consequences: 결과 (Our actions have consequences)

(10) Future: 미래 (We live in the shadow of the future)

내용 이해

(1) How does reputation influence our willingness to help others? 

(명성이 다른 사람들을 돕는 우리의 기꺼움에 어떻게 영향을 미치나요?)

(2) What is the concept of indirect reciprocity? 

(간접 상호 작용이란 무엇인가요?)

(3) How does the possibility of being observed affect our behavior? 

(관찰될 가능성이 우리의 행동에 어떤 영향을 미치나요?)

(4) Why are we often troubled by the thought of what others may think of our deeds? 

(왜 우리는 종종 다른 사람들이 우리의 행위에 대해 어떻게 생각할지에 대한 생각에 괴로워하나요?)

(5) How do our actions influence the help we might receive in the future? 

(우리의 행동이 미래에 받을 수 있는 도움에 어떻게 영향을 미치나요?)

* Suggested Answers

(1) A good reputation increases the likelihood of receiving help in the future, encouraging us to help others. 

(좋은 명성은 미래에 도움을 받을 확률을 높여 다른 사람들을 돕도록 격려합니다)

(2) Indirect reciprocity is the idea that if we help others, our good example will encourage others to do the same, and eventually, someone will help us. 

(간접 상호 작용은 다른 사람들을 돕는다면, 우리의 좋은 본보기가 다른 사람들에게도 동일한 행동을 하도록 격려하고 결국에는 누군가가 우리를 도와줄 것이라는 생각입니다)

(3) The possibility of being observed makes us more likely to act in a socially acceptable or positive manner. 

(관찰될 가능성은 우리가 사회적으로 받아들여지거나 긍정적인 방식으로 행동할 가능성을 높입니다)

(4) We are often troubled by the thought of what others may think of our deeds because our reputation and social standing can be affected by their perception of our actions. 

(우리는 종종 다른 사람들이 우리의 행위에 대해 어떻게 생각할지에 대한 생각에 괴로워하는데, 이는 우리의 명성과 사회적 지위가 그들이 우리의 행동에 대한 인식에 영향을 받기 때문입니다)

(5) Our actions influence the help we might receive in the future by determining our reputation; if we are known for being helpful and kind, others are more likely to assist us when needed. 

(우리의 행동은 명성을 결정함으로써 미래에 받을 수 있는 도움에 영향을 미치며, 도움이 되고 친절한 것으로 알려진다면 다른 사람들이 필요할 때 우리를 도와줄 가능성이 높아집니다)

주요 문장

(1) "If, thanks to endless chat and intrigue, the world knows that you are a good, charitable guy, then you boost your chance of being helped by someone else at some future date." 

(끊임없는 대화와 흥미로운 이야기 덕분에 세상이 당신이 좋은 사람이고 자선심이 많다는 것을 알게 되면, 언젠가 미래에 다른 사람에게 도움을 받을 기회가 증가합니다.) 

(명성이 좋으면 미래에 도움을 받을 기회가 높아진다는 뜻)

(2) "We all behave differently when we know we live in the shadow of the future." (우리 모두 미래의 그림자에서 산다는 것을 알고 있을 때 다르게 행동합니다.) 

(우리의 행동이 미래에 영향을 미친다는 것을 알고 있어서 행동이 달라진다는 뜻)